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LM25574MT bảng dữ liệu(PDF) 11 Page - Texas Instruments

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Giải thích chi tiết về linh kiện  SIMPLE SWITCHER 42V, 0.5A Step-Down Switching Regulator
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LM25574MT bảng dữ liệu(HTML) 11 Page - Texas Instruments

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Sample and
Hold DC Level
2V/A
RAMP
TON
tON
CRAMP
(10 µ x (VIN ± VOUT) + 50 µ) x
LM25574, LM25574-Q1
www.ti.com
SNVS483G – JANUARY 2007 – REVISED APRIL 2013
Error Amplifier and PWM Comparator
The internal high gain error amplifier generates an error signal proportional to the difference between the
regulated output voltage and an internal precision reference (1.225V). The output of the error amplifier is
connected to the COMP pin allowing the user to provide loop compensation components, generally a type II
network, as illustrated in Typical Application Circuit and Block Diagram. This network creates a pole at DC, a
zero and a noise reducing high frequency pole. The PWM comparator compares the emulated current sense
signal from the RAMP generator to the error amplifier output voltage at the COMP pin.
RAMP Generator
The ramp signal used in the pulse width modulator for current mode control is typically derived directly from the
buck switch current. This switch current corresponds to the positive slope portion of the output inductor current.
Using this signal for the PWM ramp simplifies the control loop transfer function to a single pole response and
provides inherent input voltage feed-forward compensation. The disadvantage of using the buck switch current
signal for PWM control is the large leading edge spike due to circuit parasitics that must be filtered or blanked.
Also, the current measurement may introduce significant propagation delays. The filtering, blanking time and
propagation delay limit the minimum achievable pulsewidth. In applications where the input voltage may be
relatively large in comparison to the output voltage, controlling small pulsewidths and duty cycles is necessary for
regulation. The LM25574 utilizes a unique ramp generator, which does not actually measure the buck switch
current but rather reconstructs the signal. Reconstructing or emulating the inductor current provides a ramp
signal to the PWM comparator that is free of leading edge spikes and measurement or filtering delays. The
current reconstruction is comprised of two elements; a sample & hold DC level and an emulated current ramp.
Figure 13. Composition of Current Sense Signal
The sample & hold DC level illustrated in Figure 13 is derived from a measurement of the re-circulating Schottky
diode anode current. The re-circulating diode anode should be connected to the IS pin. The diode current flows
through an internal current sense resistor between the IS and PGND pins. The voltage level across the sense
resistor is sampled and held just prior to the onset of the next conduction interval of the buck switch. The diode
current sensing and sample & hold provide the DC level of the reconstructed current signal. The positive slope
inductor current ramp is emulated by an external capacitor connected from the RAMP pin to AGND and an
internal voltage controlled current source. The ramp current source that emulates the inductor current is a
function of the Vin and Vout voltages per the following equation:
IRAMP = (10µ x (Vin – Vout)) + 50µA
(2)
Proper selection of the RAMP capacitor depends upon the selected value of the output inductor. The value of
CRAMP can be selected from: CRAMP = L x 5 x 10
-6, where L is the value of the output inductor in Henrys. With this
value, the scale factor of the emulated current ramp will be approximately equal to the scale factor of the DC
level sample and hold (2.0V / A). The CRAMP capacitor should be located very close to the device and connected
directly to the pins of the IC (RAMP and AGND).
Copyright © 2007–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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Product Folder Links: LM25574 LM25574-Q1


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